Policing, Law Enforcement and Security MSc

• Concepts of the Risk Society
• Theoretical perspectives of Risk, Vulnerability and Safeguarding
• Information and intelligence gathering to support Risk Management
• Assessment of threat levels for Risk Management
• Working strategy for Risk Management Powers and Policy considerations for Risk Management, Managing Risk, taking action and reviews
• Time critical decision making in high risk strategies
• Duty of care and the Management of Risk
• ECHR principles in Risk Management
• Risk management frameworks
•       Probability of Risk and impact of consequences
• Multi-Agency Operational risk management
  (MAPPA/MARAC)
• Operational risk management in covert law enforcement

The aim of this module is to acquaint students with the theoretical knowledge and understanding of the key issues and debates with regards to Multi-agency working in the context of identifying risk in society and measures to protect those that are deemed to be vulnerable and at risk of being victims of crime.

Students will critically examine the philosophy of conducting research and the complex nature of knowledge. The concept of the research cycle will form the structure around which both quantitative and qualitative research processes, methodology and methods will be explored. A key emphasis will be on the construction of the research question or hypothesis and the consequent decisions that need to be made once this is established. Critical systematic literature reviewing will be examined in detail as will methods of information retrieval. A wide variety of quantitative and qualitative approaches to research design, data gathering and methods of analysis will be evaluated and critiques developed. Ethical practice in conducting research will underpin the content of this module with critical appraisal of a range of key ethical principles particularly relevant to researching policing, law enforcement and security.

To take the student through the processes of qualitative and quantitative empirical research, covering participatory and observational studies, types of interviewing techniques, the use of case studies and qualitative and quantitative analysis.

The purpose of this module is to enable students to design, conduct and report on an area of individual research based upon an area of study relevant to policing, wider law enforcement or security.

The topic and the title of the Research study will be agreed between the student and the research supervisor. All studies that utilise research participants (interviews, questionnaires, focus groups and observations) will be submitted for approval to the Department of Social Sciences Ethics Committee prior to any engagement with the participants.

Individual supervision sessions will provide guidance and support on all areas of the research process and will be intended to meet the specific needs of the individual researcher.

The aim of the individual research project is to provide the student with the opportunity to complete an in-depth piece of research in policing, wider law enforcement or security. The research study will build upon and consolidate skills learnt in the research methods element of the module and will allow the student to develop more detailed subject specific knowledge in the topic selected.

• Interpreting the criminal environment
• Positioning the citizen within contemporary policing landscapes
• Law enforcement legitimacy and Human Rights
• Defining the concept of intelligence led-policing
• Analytical frameworks, data handling, information, intelligence and evidence
• Covert policing methodologies

The aim of this module is to introduce and immerse the student in the complex world of contemporary intelligence and covert policing management and its relevance and application across the wider policing, law enforcement and security landscape.

The aim of this module is for the student to consider the chronological development and theoretical perspectives of the nature and threat from international serious and complex organised crime and the impact it is having on 21st century society law enforcement.

The aim of this module is for the student to consider the chronological development and theoretical perspectives of the nature and threat from national and international terrorism and domestic extremism as it applies to 21^st century society.

This module provides the student with a critical understanding of policing accountability and policing culture. Policing culture will be examined and how culture may impact an officer’s decision making in practice, leading to impacts on community confidence in policing. The impact that leadership, instilling of ethics and values can have on policing practice will be explored.

Additionally, this module will seek to provide the student with a focus on mechanisms and processes that shape the delivery of policing accountability within England and Wales. The student will explore the purpose and effectiveness of each mechanism within the broader context of policing accountability, in order to provide them with critical understanding of policing accountability.

Topics covered include:

• Values and ethics – examination of the theory
• Corruption in office
• The role of the College of Policing in setting Standards
• The Code of Ethics in policing in England and Wales.
• Code of Ethics - Standards of Professional Behaviour
• Tripartite versus Local Control and Accountability
• Accountability frameworks
• Police and Crime Commissioners - Legitimacy in office
• Policing Culture – Territoriality and Normative orders and Policing Culture models
• Class contempt and Blue Code/Wall of Silence
• Police (Conduct) Regulations.
• Complaints Against the Police

This module will address the concepts of culture, values and ethics and it will examine the legal structures and processes that are in place to ensure that police officers in England and Wales act ethically and with accountability, and how these might impact on leadership, performance, decision making and community confidence/policing legitimacy.